Honors Collegehttp://hdl.handle.net/10106/276762024-03-28T09:13:39Z2024-03-28T09:13:39ZLife History Fitness of F1 Hybrids of Tex & PA21 Populations of Daphnia pulexhttp://hdl.handle.net/10106/315252023-07-11T08:26:11ZLife History Fitness of F1 Hybrids of Tex & PA21 Populations of Daphnia pulex
Evolutionary theory suggests that fitness decreases with hybridization as a result of negative epistatic interactions between alleles that rose independently in genetic backgrounds making hybrids incompatible with parents’ species. However, heterosis can occur as a result of the deleterious effects of negative epistatic interactions making hybrids fitter than their parents. To examine this, the fitness of first-generation (F1) hybrids of Tex and PA populations of Daphnia pulex was determined using body size as a life history trait. F1 hybrids obtained from crossing between seven Tex parental isolates and PA parental isolates were taken from stock and grown under standard conditions (18°C under 18:6 light: dark photoperiod; Scenedesmus obliquus concentration of 500,000 cells per ml) to measure their body size. The body size was measured using a Leica M125 microscope. The body size of F1 hybrids was significantly different from the parents in 37 of the 50 Tex hybrids while others performed equally well as the parents. The body size of F1 hybrids of the PA21 population was significantly different in 20 of the 29 hybrids examined. Variations were also found among F1 siblings and parental isolates. This experiment would be an addition to current research on hybridization to understand hybrid effects and predict genetic outcomes in hybrids in the field of agriculture and animal breeding.
CAN MUSIC AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INFLUENCE CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR IN-STORE?http://hdl.handle.net/10106/315242023-07-11T08:26:10ZCAN MUSIC AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INFLUENCE CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR IN-STORE?
Businesses use music to influence consumer engagement and product perceptions. For instance, a retail store in China in 2021 utilized artificial intelligence to manipulate in- store music based on customer facial expressions. This paper reviews the literature on music in retail and discusses how business analytics, such as artificial intelligence, can increase customer satisfaction. The paper focuses on how in-store music and artificial intelligence affect customer behavior. Papers addressing the use of music in retail spaces or artificial intelligence in retail were included. Using Web of Science, I collected 52 papers on in-store music and customer behavior, and 79 papers on artificial intelligence and customer perception. The paper provides a thematic summary of the extant research.
Finally, I present directions for future research in using artificial intelligence in retail settings.
MEDIA MULTITASKING AND NEUROTICISM INFLUENCES ON SUSTAINED ATTENTION AS OBSERVED THROUGH PUPILLOMETRY IN UTA STUDENTShttp://hdl.handle.net/10106/315232023-07-11T08:26:09ZMEDIA MULTITASKING AND NEUROTICISM INFLUENCES ON SUSTAINED ATTENTION AS OBSERVED THROUGH PUPILLOMETRY IN UTA STUDENTS
Media multitasking (MMT) is becoming more common, but potentially at the cost
of memory and attention. Neuroticism, a Big Five inventory measure, could reveal
connections to the influence media multitasking may have on attentional control. The
present study aimed to observe the impacts of media multitasking and neuroticism on
sustained attention, as measured by pupillometry. Over the span of 4 weeks, participants
completed several tasks, with the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) being the
most notable, as measures of their cognitive performance. Participants’ changes in pupil
sizes were recorded, and participants completed several surveys, with The Big Five
Inventory and Media Multitasking Inventory being the most notable. Results indicated that
neuroticism and media multitasking were not significantly associated with each other. Results also indicated that sustained attention and media multitasking were not
significantly associated with each other. Results also indicated that media multitasking and
pupil variability were not significantly associated with each other, but there was a moderate
negative correlation between both variables, which was unanticipated. These findings
suggest that weakly, there could be reason for concern or further investigation in the
detrimental effects of media multitasking on sustained attention and what personality traits
may fuel such behavior. The findings also suggest that there may be other, more
determining factors that potentially contribute to attentional deficits beyond media
multitasking and neuroticism measures.
CULTIVATING POLITICAL HUMILITY: THE ROLE OF VALUE FRAMING ON POLICY PREFERENCEhttp://hdl.handle.net/10106/315222023-07-11T08:26:09ZCULTIVATING POLITICAL HUMILITY: THE ROLE OF VALUE FRAMING ON POLICY PREFERENCE
This research project aims to explore the persuasive efficacy of using familiar rhetoric and appealing to familiar values when presenting someone with political arguments. Persuasive efficacy is defined as how much a person’s position and confidence is moved after the manipulation, and familiar values and rhetoric were determined by those associated with the participant’s self-described political affiliation. The participants were first asked their position and confidence on four political issues, then asked to fill out a political intellectual humility scale. For each issue, they were then shown one of four possible videos of a person giving a political argument, with each video containing a different value/language frame (conservative or liberal) and position (for or against). Participants were then asked again in a post-questionnaire for their position and confidence on each issue. Only a few of the videos had a significant effect on position change for two v of the four topics, but political intellectual humility did predict position change on three of the four topics and was negatively correlated with age.